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The so-called rule of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) has been observed by earlier scholars, but has only recently attracted enough attention to be named, probably first by Helmut Rix in 1985. It is a sound law of PIE accent, stating that in a word of three syllables ''é-o-X'' the accent will be moved to the penultimate, ''e-ó-X''. Examples include * < "four" (Latin ''quattuor'') *singular accusatives, * *of r-stems, < "sister" Acc. Sg. * *of r/n-heteroclitica, < "hand" Acc. Sg. * *of s-stems, < "Ausos" (Vedic Sanskrit (unicode:uṣā́sam)'') The rule is fed by an assumed earlier sound law that changes ''è'' to ''ò'' after an accented syllable, i.e. < < . Rix invokes the rule in the 1998 preface to the ''Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben'' (p. 22) to explain why in the PIE Perfect the root ''ó'' grade is accented, e.g. < "created/engendered". The rule has been invoked by Mottausch to explain accented ''ó'' grades in PIE nominal ablaut. == References == *G. Klingenschmitt ''Die Lateinische Nominalflexion'' (1992), p. 44. *M. Kümmel, ''Stativ und Passivaorist'' (1996), p. 9. *K.-H. Mottausch, ''Die idg. Nominalflexion und die o-Stufe'' HS 113 (2000). *K.-H. Mottausch, ''Die thematischen Nomina im Idg.'' HS 114 (2001). *H. Rix, ''sūdor and sīdus'' in: FS Knobloch (ed. Ölberg, 1985), p. 348 *K. Stüber, ''Die primären s-Stämme'' (2002), p. 24f. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kʷetwóres rule」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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